The Fourfold Pathogen Reference Ontology Suite includes four pathogen-specific extensions. The Virus Infectious Disease Ontology (VIDO) focuses on viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, offering detailed representations of viral taxonomy, replication mechanisms, and disease manifestations. The Bacteria Infectious Disease Ontology (BIDO) provides a structured framework for bacterial pathogenesis, taxonomy, and diseases, emphasizing key mechanisms like bacterial adhesion and toxin production. The Mycosis Infectious Disease Ontology (MIDO) tackles fungal infectious diseases, addressing fungal taxonomy, antifungal resistance, and host-pathogen interactions. The Parasite Infectious Disease Ontology (PIDO) models parasitic life cycles, pathogenesis, and host-parasite relationships. These modular ontologies follow a hub-and-spoke methodology, with the Infectious Disease Ontology (IDO) serving as the central hub to ensure semantic consistency and modularity while minimizing redundancy.

More details here: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.01454